Improvement in obtaining and transmitting power



UNITED STATES PATENT OEErcE..

JAMES JOSEPH GORMAN, OF OINOINNATI, OHIO.

IMPROVEMENT IN OBTAINING AND TRNSMITTING POWER.

Specification toi-ming part of Letters Patent No. 43,768, dated August 9, 1864.

.To @ZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMEs JosErI-I Goa MAN, ot Cincinnati, in the county ot Hamilton and State of Ohio, have invented a new and Improved Mode of Obtaining and Trans mitting Power; and I do hereby declare that t'ie following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which- Figure l represents a side elevationot' my invention. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal vertical section of the same. Figi 3 is a plan or top view ot' the same. Fig. 4 is a diagram showing the means employed for overcoming the dead-centers.

same.

Similar letters of reference in the several views indicate corresponding parts.

This invention consists in the application of two weights suspended from or secured to arms, which project from an oscillating frame with a variable fulcrum, in combination with a rolling or movable weight, which moves on inclines-and is made to bear alternately on the oscillating frame in such a manner that by the aid of the variable fulcrum and movable weight the oscillating motion ot' the ti ame and two main weights is facilitated and a power is obtained capable ot imparting motion to a hoisting apparatus or to any other desirable machine or mechanism. y

The invention consists, further, in the employment or use of automatically rising-andfalling guideways, in combination with the oscillating frame, movable or rolling weight, and with a' staticnary frame, in such a manner that by the action of the guideways the movable weight is made to bear alternately on the oscillating frame and then again on the stationary frame, and thereby the motion ot' said oscillating frame is facilitated.

The invention consists, further, in a dog, hinged to the rod or pitman, which transmits the motion of the oscillating frame to the werking machine, said dog being-provided with two studs, in combination with a cam furnished with two or more cavities corre.- sponding in position to the studs of the dog and secured to the end of the` shaft to which the motion is to be transmitted, and with a spring acting on the dog in such a manner that whenever the pitman arrives at one of Fig. 5 is a modifica-tion of thethe dead centers the position ot' the dog in relation to the cam is changed by the action ot' the spring, and the dead-center is avoided in the simplest and most effective manner.

The invention consists, finally, in combining the spring and the hinged dog with a rockerarm and with a lever catching on eccentric wristpins projecting'from a disk secured to the shaft, to be driven on opposite sidesk trom its center in such a manner that by a simple change in the position of said lever from one pin to the other the motion of said shat't can be reversed without changing the motion ot the oscillating tra-me.

To enable those skilled in the art to make and use my invention,I will proceed to de scribe it.

A represents a trame, made of wood or any other suitable material, and composed principally of two side pieces, a, the upper edges of which are provided with notched plates b, which supptrt the kniteedge bearings c c' c of the oscillating frame B. Thist'rame is made of metal or other suitable material, and it consists otI two side pieces, 0X, which are connected to each other by cross-bars d, and each ot' which is supportedy by three kuiteedge bearings, c c c, as above stated. On

imparting an oscillating motion to the frau e can be drawn out or pushed in, as may be de-l sirable. Secured to outer ends of these arms are two heavy weights D D', which oscillate with the frame B and impart to the oscilla.- tions of the same a certain momentum or living force capable ot' overcoming obstructions or of doing some work. A spring, dit, which is connected with one end to an arm, Dit, projecting from the main trame A and with the other end to the end ofy the oscillatin g frame B, serves to ease the motion of the weight D D and to prevent undue strain at either end of the stroke. lf the weight D descends in the direction ot the arrow marked near it iu pressure of the rolling weight E.

Fig. 1, the bearings c c are relieved and the whole pressure exerted by the frame B and weight D D is supported by the bearings c,

'audit' the weights D D at the beginning of the operation are equally balanced on the middle bearin gs, c, it is obvious that the balance is destroyed as soon as the fulcrum is transferred from the central bearings to the bearings As ston as t-his takes pla e the weight D overbalances the weight D and the motion of the frame B is reversed. Motion is imparted to the frame and weights D D by means of a crank-shaft, e, which maybe rotated by hand or other competent power, and wh ch connects by a rod or pitman, e, with said frame, and its motion is facilitated by theaction of a rolling weight, E. The axle of this weight passes through two arms, f, which are connected to the ends of a pin,j", that has .its bearings in the upper end of the arm g of a double-elbow lever g g g, and said axle is supported by two double-treaded or hard-faced heels h.' The doubleelbow lever g g g has iis fulcrum on a pivot, gi, which is rmly inserted in the inner surface ot' one of the side pieces of the main frame A, and the arms g g are of unequal length .and curved, as clearly .shawn in Fig. 2. They are loaded with weights and, byn reasonV ot' the unequal length ofthe ai ms g gand of theirpeculiar shape,they cause the rolling weight E to travel up the inclined guideways i on 011e and the incline g5 on the opposite side, and thereby assist in producing and keeping up the oscillating motion of the frame B and weight yD D. A rod, g, connects the elbow-lever with that end of the i'ranze B nearest to the weight D, and the motion of said frame is thereby communicated to it. If the machine is at rest or if the oscillating frame B with the weight D D is placed in a horizont al position, the rolling weight places itself beyond the ci nter of the frame B t0- ward the weight D, as shown in Figs. 1, 2, and

v 3 of the drawings, and its wheels rest on guide ways t', which are supported by the curved edges of the frame B and project over the same sufciently far to reach the wheels h,

', said wheels being placed s close together that vjected to the action of a spring, i, which has suicient power to raise those ends of the guideways i nearest to the weight D whenever said guideways are relieved from the If the crank-shaft e is turned in the direction of the arnow marked near it. in Figs. l and 2, the weight D descends and the rolling weight E passes up the inclined guidcways t, bearing down upon theframe B and assistingin throwing said framefrom the central bearing, c', on the bearing e. As soon as the rolling weight E passes beyond the guideways i the wheels h drop down upon the stationary frame G, and said guideways being relieved from pressure siderable force, due tothe dift'erenceyin the r distance of the two weights from the bearings c, which support the oscillating frame B uit the lmoment it is relieved from the action the rolling weightE. Themomentum ofthe weight D, which it acquires by the time it reaches a horizontal position, carries the same down and throws the fulcrum of the oscillating frame upon the bearings e, and at the same time, by the action of the rod g4 on the elbow-lever g g g, the rolling weight E is carried up the inclined plane g5 at the end of the stationary frame G nearest to the weight D and by thc time'said weight D has reached its lowest point the rolling weight E reaches its highest point on the inclined plane, ready to descend with some force. In this position the fulcrum of the frame B is on the bearings o, and the weight D, being further from said bearings than the weight' D, will descend with considerable force, assisted by the rolling weight E, which descends over the incline g5 and asceuds the curved guideways t', which will be depressed on the edges of .the frame B and take up the pressure of the wheels h. The momentum of the weight D, acquired by the same, by the time it reaches a horizontal position, assisted or augmented by the action of the rolling weight E, bearing down upon the frame B, carries said weight D down, the fulcrum changes from the bearings c to the bearings c,and the weight D rises. In this manner the motion of the weights D D and rollingl weight E is continued, and the motion desired by this arrangement is transmittedby means of a rod or pitman, H, dog I, and cam J to the shaft K. lhe dog I is attached to the loose end of the pitman H by means of a pivot, i, andit is provided with two studs, 7c k, which catch into corresponding cavities l Z l* l* in the cam J. This cam is rmly secured tothe end of the shaft K, which may be provided with a drum to receive the hoisting-rope, or, through the action of which, motion maybe transmitted to the working machines. The cavities l l l* Zj are equidistantfrom the center of the shaft K, and either one pair or the other may be brought in workin g position.

In the drawings, the dog is shown in contact with the cavities l l', andthe cavities l* lf* are held in reserve, to be used alternately with the cavities l l', as may be desired. The distance/of the cavities l Z from the center of the shaft K or thestroke of the cam J may either be made equal to or smaller than the stroke of the frame B, butin no case can it be. made larger. In Figs. 1, 2, and 4 of the drawings the stroke of the cam is equal to that ofthe oscillating frame, but in Fig. 5 it is larger. The dog I connects, by means ot' a rod, L, with a rocker-arm, M, which has its fulcrum on a pivot, m, in a bracket, N, that is firmly secured to the main frame A, and as the cam J revolves an oscillating motion is imparted to the rocker-arm by the action of the rod L, and its ends, which are armed with friction-rollers m', strike a spring, O, which is secred to a small rock-shaft, 0, having its bearings in the outer ends of the bracket N. lnis rock-shaft carries a crank, p, which con- -cts, by means of a hooked rod, P, with one or the other of the eccentric Wristpins q q',

projecting from the outer surface of a disk, 92

which is secured to that end of the shaft K opposite the cam J. These Wrist-pins are arranged on opposite sides of the center of the shaft K, and by changing the position of the hooked end ofthe rod P from one wrist-pin to t e other the motion ofthe shaftK is reversed Without changing or reversing the motion of the crank-shaft e or that of the oscillating frame B. By the action ot' the spring O on the ends of the rockerarm M the d g I is always brought in such a position in relation to the cam J that the dead centers are entirely.

aroidrd, and the motion from the oscillating frame B can he transmitted to the shaft K by a continuous direct application ofthe drivingpower and entirely Without the aid of a iiywheel or equivalent means. If the stroke of the oscillating frame B is longer than that of the cam J', the dog e will assume a position such as shown in Fig. 5 whenever the frame passes the extreme points of its motion; but it' the stroke ofthe frame B is equal to the stroke of the cam J the dog 1 will be in the position shown in the Figs. 1, 2, and particu larly in Fig. 4. 'When that end of the frame B which connects with the dog J has reached its highest point, the dog is raised or its position changed by the action of the spring, so that the stud K touches the bottom of the cavity l and the stud 7c bears against the inner side of the cavity Z', and by this action the connection-rod or pitman is thrown beyond its deadcenter and the motion of the machine continues without interruption, p wheel 1s needed to pass the dead-center.'

and no tiy- It must be remarked that the connectingrod or pitman H, instead of being connected to the oscillating frame B, might equally Well be connected to thecross-head of an ordinary steam-engine, and the reciprocating motion of the steampiston can thus be converteddnto continuous rotary motion of the sha-ft B. The t, lmotion of the shaft K is reversed by changing` the hooked end of the rod P from the eccentric Wrist-pin q to the pin q, as previously stated, and by doing so the position of the spring O in relation to the rocker-arm is changed, and thereby the action of said spring 011 the dog is reversed, causing the same to pass the dead-centers in the direction opposite to that in which it acted before, and by these means the shaft K is caused to rotate in the opposite direction.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The Variable fulcrum o c c, in combina-V with the oscillating frame B, or its equivalen t,

and with the shaft K, constructed and operating substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

4. The spring O and rocksh aft 0, in combination with the hooked rod P, eccentric wristpins q q', dog I, cam J, shaft K, and oscillating frame B, or its equivalent, constructed and operating inthe manner and for the purpose substantially as described.

JAMES JOSEPH GORMAN.

Witnesses:

GUsTAvE DiETERicI-I, GEO. W. REED. 

